Abstract: We developed a finite-difference frequency-domain (FDFD) and a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) drift-diffusion equations solver that takes the multilayered background into account for ...

Lasso is a regularization method for parameter estimation in linear models. It optimizes the model parameters with respect to a loss function subject to model complexities. This paper explores the use ...

Abstract: Estimating stochastic gradients is pivotal in fields like service systems in operations research. The classical method for this estimation is the finite-difference approximation, which ...